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New: 10 more stocks, IPOs and Learn, explained

Sectors

Sectors, explained

How companies in each sector earn money, and the words you'll meet on their pages.

  • Financial Services

    Banks, non-bank lenders (NBFCs), insurers, brokers, exchanges and fund houses. They lend money, protect against losses and help people save and invest.

    6 companies: Bajaj Finance, HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, Kotak Mahindra Bank, LIC, SBI

  • Information Technology

    Companies that build and run software, manage computer systems and handle back-office work for businesses. Most of their clients are in the United States and Europe.

    3 companies: Infosys, Saksoft, TCS

  • Consumer Durables

    Companies that make things people use for years, such as air conditioners, TVs, phones, paints, tiles, footwear and jewellery.

    2 companies: Asian Paints, Titan

  • Fast Moving Consumer Goods

    Companies that make everyday items people buy again and again, such as packaged food, drinks, soaps, cooking oil and cigarettes.

    2 companies: Hindustan Unilever, ITC

  • Construction

    Companies that build roads, bridges, railways, metro lines, power plants, factories and buildings, mostly under contracts from governments and businesses.

    1 company: L&T

  • Consumer Services

    Companies that sell services straight to people, such as food delivery and quick-commerce apps, restaurants, hotels and travel booking. It also covers retail store chains, shopping sites and education firms.

    1 company: Eternal

  • Metals & Mining

    Companies that mine iron ore and other minerals, and make steel, aluminium, copper, zinc and alloys. Coal miners are grouped under Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels by NSE.

    1 company: Kalyani Steels

  • Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels

    Companies that produce crude oil, natural gas and coal, refine crude into fuels, and transport and sell fuel and gas.

    1 company: Reliance Industries

  • Telecommunication

    Companies that run mobile and fixed-line phone and internet networks, own telecom towers, or make telecom equipment and cables.

    1 company: Bharti Airtel