What does net profit mean?
Net profit is what is left after every cost, interest, depreciation and tax has been paid. It is the last line of the profit statement. So it is also called the "bottom line", or PAT (profit after tax).
Whose profit is it in group accounts?
A group often owns part of a subsidiary, with outside shareholders owning the rest. The accounts split profit between the owners of the parent and those outside shareholders.[S1]
Cityfort uses the parent owners' share, because that is what a shareholder of the listed company owns.
What are exceptional items?
These are large, unusual gains or costs, such as a plant write-down, a restructuring or a legal settlement. Ind AS 1 asks for material items like these to be shown separately.[S1] SEBI's listing rules require results to disclose them too.[S2]
Saksoft's FY26 accounts are one example. They show a separate exceptional line for the one-time effect of India's new labour codes on employee costs.[S3]
Why does that matter when reading profit?
One exceptional item can make profit jump or fall in a single year. Reading the line before it shows how the business did without the one-off.
Cityfort keeps net profit as reported and mentions large exceptional items beside it.